东亚高空西风急流次季节协同变化对2020年超强梅雨的影响
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P442;P426.6

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国家自然科学基金资助项目(42075027;42075118;41930969);国家重点研发计划资助项目(2020YFA0608901)


Impacts of sub-seasonal coordinated variations insubtropical and polar front jets over East Asia on the heavy precipitation in the 2020 Meiyu season
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    摘要:

    2020年6—7月梅雨期间11次暴雨事件周期性地出现在长江中下游,与副热带急流和极锋急流的次季节协同变化密切相关,极锋急流通过波流相互作用调控副热带急流位置、强度、形状和走向,进而影响东亚梅雨强降水落区。2020年梅雨期间副热带急流和极锋急流关键区内平均风速距平呈现出显著的10~20 d次季节振荡特征,构成4种位相组合(强强、弱弱、强弱和弱强型),对应着5个急流异常事件。副热带急流和极锋急流的4种次季节位相组合显著影响低空急流位置和走向,特别是关键区平均风速呈反位相变化时,东亚—西北太平洋地区250 hPa急流呈纬向带状分布或"V"型分布,上层急流主体空间分布连续,有利于低空急流发展,增强长江中下游水汽输送和动力抬升,有利于强降水事件发生。长江中下游周期性出现的高低空急流耦合结构是导致2020年超强梅雨事件的重要原因。

    Abstract:

    The 2020 Meiyu season (June-July) witnessed eleven periodical rainstorm events in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River (MLYR), strongly influenced by 10-20-day sub-seasonal interactions between Subtropical Jet (STJ) and Polar Front Jet (PFJ). The combinations of STJ and PFJ phases determined the position and direction of Low-Level Jet (LLJ) streams, and can govern the heavy rainfall belts and the Coupling Upper-and Lower-level Jet (CULJ) streams . The results further revealed that STJ and PFJ exhibited significant 10-20-day oscillations in horizontal velocity anomalies andemerged four distinct phase configurations(strong-strong, weak-weak, strong-weak, weak-strong), resulting in five strongly anomalousjet events during the 2020 Meiyu season.Particularly, the opposite-phase combinations of STJ and PFJ produced either zonal-oriented or V-shaped STJ patterns over from East Asia to Northwest Pacific, and spatially continuous STJ promoted the LLJ's development, enhanced moisture transport and dynamic uplift in the MLYR region, and facilitated heavy precipitation.The PFJ modulated the STJ's position, intensity, shape, and direction through wave-current interactions, thereby affecting the location of heavy rainfall belts in East Asia. Hence, sub-seasonal coordinated variations in STJ and PFJ and the periodic CULJ occurrences could be responsible for the super heavy rainfall events during the 2020 Meiyu season.

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胡竞文,谢志清,杜银.东亚高空西风急流次季节协同变化对2020年超强梅雨的影响.气象科学,2025,45(6):824-838 HU Jingwen, XIE Zhiqing, DU Yin. Impacts of sub-seasonal coordinated variations insubtropical and polar front jets over East Asia on the heavy precipitation in the 2020 Meiyu season. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2025,45(6):824-838

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  • 收稿日期:2024-11-05
  • 最后修改日期:2025-01-27
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  • 在线发布日期: 2026-03-07
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