金沙江下游穿谷大风天气的雷达回波特征分析
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P412.25

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国家自然科学基金资助项目(U2242202;U2040212);中国气象局创新发展专项(CXFZ2022J012);复杂地形下云南航空安全气象关键技术研究及示范(202203A100006)


Analysis of radar echo characteristics of canyon gale events in the downstream of the Jinsha River
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    摘要:

    为了揭示金沙江下游穿谷大风下天气雷达回波特征及监测能力,本文利用2018年1月—2022年4月的ERA5再分析资料、天气雷达数据、探空站和地面气象观测资料,选择穿谷大风个例,分析金沙江下游典型河谷区不同季节穿谷大风天气的环流形势和雷达回波演变特征。结果表明:(1)干季(11月—次年4月)和雨季(5—10月)大风的尺度类型、影响系统、云系结构和雷达回波特征差异明显。雨季大风是受西南涡影响的中小尺度对流性大风天气,云系变化特征表现为块状积云快速演变,回波强度超过55 dBZ,在径向速度场中呈中小尺度辐合线的特征。干季大风是500 hPa的偏西风绕流青藏高原分成南北两支气流,层状云回波维持,强度在30 dBZ左右,在速度图上伴随速度模糊区、“牛眼”结构和零速度线弯折的锋面切变特征。(2)风廓线产品(Vertical Wind Profile,VWP)反映穿谷大风中对流层的冷暖平流变化。回波顶高(Echo Top,ET)和垂直液态水含量(Vertically Integrated Liquid,VIL)揭示了雨季大风的位置。VIL值增高至最大值后快速减小与大风时间吻合。

    Abstract:

    In order to investigate the radar echo features and monitoring capabilities of valley-crossing gale events in the lower reaches of the Jinsha River, this study utilized ERA5 reanalysis data, weather radar data,sounding station data and surface meteorological observations from January 2018 to April 2022. By selecting representative cases of valley-crossing gale events, the study analyzed the circulation patterns and evolution of radar echoes during different seasons in the typical river valley area downstream of the Jinsha River. Results show the following two points. Firstly,this study compared the differences in two valley-crossing gale events characteristics between the dry and rainy seasons, including scale types, impact systems, cloud structure, and radial radar echo velocity. The wind during the rainy season (May-October) is a mesoscale convective weather event influenced by the southwestern vortex. The cloud features are characterized by rapidly evolving block-shaped convective echoes, with strong echo cores exceeding 55 dBZ. The velocity field exhibits the characteristics of small and medium-scale convergence lines. The wind during the dry season (November-April) is a large-scale weather event formed by the northward expansion of the 500 hPa westerly jet stream around the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and through the gorge. The cloud development is low and flat, with layered cloud echoes maintaining an intensity of around 30 dBZ. The radial velocity characteristics include velocity ambiguity areas, “bull's eye” structures, and bent zero velocity lines. Secondly, The Vertical Wind Profile (VWP) can reflect the changes in temperature advection in the troposphere during valley-crossing gale events. Meanwhile, the height of Echo Top (ET) and the Vertically Integrated Liquid (VIL) reflect the location of rainy season gale events. The VIL value increases to its maximum and then rapidly decreases, which coincides with the time of the gale events.

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张昊楠,尹晔,白爱娟,程志刚,黄迪威.金沙江下游穿谷大风天气的雷达回波特征分析.气象科学,2025,45(4):572-583 ZHANG Haonan, YIN Ye, BAI Aijuan, CHENG Zhigang, HUANG Diwei. Analysis of radar echo characteristics of canyon gale events in the downstream of the Jinsha River. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2025,45(4):572-583

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  • 收稿日期:2023-05-10
  • 最后修改日期:2023-07-10
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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-11-29
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