In the winter of 2024/2025, China's climate is generally characterized by warm and dry conditions. The national average temperature was 0.4 ℃ higher than the normal of the same period. The periodic fluctuations were large. The precipitation was 41.8% less than the normal of the same period and the third lowest in the same period of history since 1961. Particular in North China, East China and South China, the seasonal precipitation were significantly less than normal. The major weather and climate events include: there are 10 cold air processes affecting China, which is close to the normal of the same period. Among then, the nationwide cold wave from January 25 to 28 had extensive impacts,caused sharp temperature drops, and ranked as the fourth strongest in January since 2000. It triggered snow disasters or low temperature freezing damage in some places of several provinces. The drought mainly concentrated in South China, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, Southwest China and other places. Guangxi experienced its most number of drought days for the same period since 1961. In early winter, the meteorological drought developed rapidly, peaking in mid-January with the widest affected area. After that, the meteorological drought eased in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, and persisted in central and eastern South China, southwest Yunnan and Jiangsu. The preliminary analysis shows that the late-January cold wave is mainly related to the obvious meridional adjustment of the circulation field in the middle and high latitudes, with negative geopotential height anomalies over northern and central-eastern China, which is conducive to the southward movement of cold air behind the trough. The droughts in South China, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, Yunnan may be associated with the negative phase of the Arctic oscillation (AO) in winter, which shifted the East Asia winter cold air path eastward. Weaker cold air reaching these regions led to relatively higher temperature. Additionally westerly airflow dominance hindered moisture transport, preventing the convergence of cold and warm air and thus suppressing precipitation.