风电场对近地表大气温度及比湿的影响研究
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TM614

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国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(42271266);国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF1301100;2023YFF1303705)


Study on the influence of wind farm on near-surface atmospheric temperature and specific humidity
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    摘要:

    针对目前实测数据少、地表覆盖差异考虑不全面等问题,本文选取了内蒙古灰腾梁风电基地的5所自动气象站,通过对比风电场内、上/下风向与侧风向的大气温度和比湿差异,得到不同风向上大气温度和比湿的日变化和季节变化特点,最终判断风力发电机运行对典型草原大气温度及比湿的影响。通过对气象站数据的分析,发现风力发电机的运行会使得大气出现明显的"增温"和"减湿"效应。具体表现在:上风向和下风向"增温"和"减湿"最为明显,全年上风向的平均增温可以达到1.07℃,下风向平均增温可以达到1.25℃;全年上风向比湿平均减少0.17 g·kg-1,下风向比湿平均减少0.16 g·kg-1。风电场的"增温"和"减湿"幅度可能改变草地生态系统进程,因此在建设风电场的同时,需要更好的理解风力发电对环境的影响。

    Abstract:

    Due to a lack of field-measured data and incomplete consideration of variability in land surface coverage, this paper selected five automatic meteorological monitoring stations at Huitengliangwind power base in China. By comparing the variability of temperature and specific humidity inside the wind farm, and in the upwind, downwind and side wind directions, daily and seasonal variations in temperature and specific humidity were obtained. Finally, the influence of wind turbine operation on the atmospheric temperature and specific humidity of typical steppe was judged. It is found that wind turbines increase the temperature and decrease the specific humidity of the atmosphere. These effects are most obvious in the upwind and downwind directions. The annual average temperature rise was 1.07 ℃ in the upwind direction and 1.25 ℃ in the downwind direction. On average throughout the year, specific humidity decreased by 0.17 g·kg-1 in the upwind direction and 0.16 g·kg-1 in the downwind direction. The magnitudes of "warming" and "reducing specific humidity" of wind farms may change the grassland ecosystem process, so the better understand should be needed in the impact of wind power generation on the environment while building wind farms.

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王刚,李国庆,贾馨,刘哲.风电场对近地表大气温度及比湿的影响研究.气象科学,2025,45(2):254-263 WANG Gang, LI Guoqing, JIA Xin, LIU Zhe. Study on the influence of wind farm on near-surface atmospheric temperature and specific humidity. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2025,45(2):254-263

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  • 收稿日期:2021-05-06
  • 最后修改日期:2022-06-20
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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-07-03
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