Considering the spatial and temporal distribution of surface temperature observations which meet the spatial panel data structure, a new quality control method (ST-RH) based on spatial panel data was proposed. The ST-RH method employs the information from the neighboring stations to estimate the value of target station. As the strong-coupling relation between surface temperature and relative humidity, the relative humidity was introduced into ST-RH as an explanatory variable, which made the ST-RH more complicate and more stable. In order to test the new method, the IDW method and SRT method was used to evaluate the ST-RH method on different cases. The results of the comparison led to the recommendation that the ST-RH method is an effective quality method in identifying the seeded errors for the surface temperature with the best robustness and adaptability.