The relationship between the East Asian subtropical westerly jet (EASWJ) and the summer (July and August) rainfall anomaly in Northeast China is investigated by using the observed precipitation data at 88 meteorological stations and the NCEP/NCAR monthly reanalysis data. The results show that the intensity of EASWJ center over the Tibetan Plateau at 200 hPa increased (decreased) and the westerly jet axis oriented northeast-southwestwards (northwest-southwestwards) in the years with abnormally more (less) summer rainfall over Northeast China. The results also show significant differences in the water vapor transport and atmospheric circulation at different levels between the abnormally more and less summer rainfall years. The analysis of the thermal features indicates that the changes of the meridional temperature gradients in the mid-upper troposphere over the Tibetan Plateau have important impacts on the intensity of the summer EASWJ center over the Tibetan Plateau.