Based on the best track data of the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) and the ERA-Interim reanalysis data from the European Center, the activity characteristics of cyclones and storms over the Bay of Bengal in May were analyzed, and the differences of atmospheric environmental fields of the typical storms over the Bay of Bengal with four different paths were emphatically analyzed, and the key atmospheric circulation factors affecting the movement of the storm were preliminarily discussed. Results show that, in May, the storm path over the Bay of Bengal is divided into four types:northward, northeast, northwest and steering, of which the northeast path is the most and the northerly path is the least. The generate and movement of storms over the Bay of Bengal are closely related to the relative strength and position of the Arab subtropical high and the western Pacific subtropical high, as well as to the fluctuation of trough ridges in the middle and high latitudes. At the same time, it is also related to the generation location of the storm over the Bay of Bengal. The storm generated north of 10°N Bay of Bengal sea area is easy to move northeast, while the storm generated north of 10°N Bay of Bengal sea area is easy to move northwest, which is related to the role of different guiding airflow at the edge of the West Pacific subtropical high. The moving path of the storm over the Bay of Bengal is also related to the variation of the upper-level jet, and the storm tends to move to the divergence area on the right side of the upper-level jet. The storm over the Bay of Bengal is generated in the weak vertical zonal wind shear region, and the direction of the zonal wind movement enhancement indicates the direction of the storm over the Bay of Bengal movement.