大别山地区极端降水天气事件的天气背景分型研究
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P468.024

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国家自然科学基金资助项目(41775054;41375061);国家自然科学基金重大研究计划集成项目(91937301)


Weather background types for the extreme precipitation occurred over the Dabie Mountain region
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    摘要:

    基于我国自动站与CMORPH降水产品融合的逐时降水资料和NCEP再分析资料,利用自组织特征映射方法对2008-2014年大别山地区极端降水天气事件的天气背景进行了分型研究。结果表明大别山地区极端降水背景环境的类型主要可分为三类,分别是西南强气流型(类型Ⅰ)、副高西北侧气流型(类型Ⅱ)和偏南强气流型(类型Ⅲ)。其中,类型I和类型Ⅱ的极端降水分别集中在6-8月和7-9月,代表了夏季极端降水,而类型Ⅲ的极端降水主要出现在3-6月及10-12月,属于春秋季节的极端降水。通过分析大别山地形与不同类型降水场及背景场的配置关系发现:(1)迎风坡降水是类型I极端降水的主要原因,中层的高湿度、强气流为极端降水提供水汽和抬升条件;(2)类型Ⅱ的极端降水是由气流过大别山西北侧较低山脊时在山脊前和山脊后形成,西太平洋副热带高压的北抬和西进是导致此类环流背景的重要原因;(3)偏南气流与大别山及其西南方地形的配置使得类型Ⅲ的极端降水主要分布在大别山南侧往西南方向。

    Abstract:

    Based on the CMORPH precipitation products merged with AWS observations in China and the NECP reanalysis data, the weather background for extreme precipitation occurred over the Dabie Mountains during 2008-2014 was classified by using the Self-Organizing Map (SOM) method. Three major types of weather background were identified according to the different prevailing airflows:strong southwest airflow (typeⅠ), airflow over the northwest side of western Pacific subtropical high (typeⅡ), and strong southerly airflow (typeⅢ). The extreme precipitation of typeⅠ and typeⅡ primarily occurr in summer,mainly from June to August and from July to September respectively. While the extreme precipitation of typeⅢ mainly occur from March to June or from October to December. The positions of the Dabie Mountains relative to the extreme precipitation and the prevailing airflows were investigated. Results show that:(1) for typeⅠ, the extreme precipitation is mainly associated with heavy upslope rainfall due to high mid-level moisture and strong upslope lifting; (2) the lower mountains over the northeastern Dabie Mountains can cause extreme precipitation of typeⅡ when the western Pacific subtropical high moves further northward and westward; (3) the strong southerly airflow in typeⅢ can make the extreme precipitation occur between the south side of the Dabie Mountains and the upstream mountains.

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张伟勇,王其伟.大别山地区极端降水天气事件的天气背景分型研究.气象科学,2021,41(4):441-451 ZHANG Weiyong, WANG Qiwei. Weather background types for the extreme precipitation occurred over the Dabie Mountain region. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2021,41(4):441-451

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  • 收稿日期:2019-10-11
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  • 在线发布日期: 2021-10-13
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